What effect does low pH have on hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypobromous acid (HOBr)?

Low pH conditions lead to an increased concentration of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypobromous acid (HOBr), both of which are important disinfectants in pool water treatment. As the pH drops, the dissociation of chlorine and bromine compounds shifts, favoring the formation of these acids. Since HOCl and HOBr are the active forms that effectively kill bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens, their increased presence at low pH enhances their disinfecting effectiveness.

This relationship is crucial for pool operators because maintaining the appropriate pH is essential for ensuring optimal sanitation and minimizing the risk of waterborne illness. When managing a pool's chemical balance, understanding how pH directly impacts the effectiveness of these disinfectants is key to maintaining a safe swimming environment.